When a neurotransmitter binds briefly with a receptor site, the ultimate effect is either excitatory or inhibitory. Explain the effects of each
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: A good answer will include the following key points.
? Excitatory effect—a voltage shift in the positive direction occurs.
? It increases the probability that the receiving neuron will fire.
? Inhibitory effect—a voltage shift in the negative direction occurs.
? It decreases the probability that the receiving neuron will fire.
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According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development, which of the following is true of children in the concrete operational stage?
A) They have thoughts that generally involve abstract ideas rather than objects that are tangible in nature. B) They cannot center on two dimensions of a problem at once. C) They attribute life and consciousness to inanimate objects. D) They center on the motives of wrongdoers as well as on the amount of damage done when assigning blame.
A person who deals with stress in her life by overemphasizing the opposite personality characteristics of those that are her true but unacceptable feelings has adopted the defense mechanism called _______.
a. denial b. projection c. reaction formation d. sublimation
Regarding learning principles being applied to recycling efforts, which of the following statements is FALSE?
a. The use of energy taxes is an example of the use of latent learning to encourage individuals to consume less fossil fuels. b. When factories, work groups, and dorms receive feedback on a weekly basis about how much they recycled, they typically recycle more. c. Recycling is more effective when entire families participate, with some family members reinforcing the recycling behavior of the other family members. d. People are able to calculate the volume of greenhouse gases that their individual consumption adds to the atmosphere by using an ecological footprint calculator.
During the first month of a child's life, crying:
a. is highly specific. c. is non-distinct. b. is activated by the vocal tract. d. serves no useful purpose.