A nurse reviews a female client's laboratory results. Which results from the client's urinalysis should the nurse recognize as abnormal?
a. pH 5.6
b. Ketone bodies present
c. Specific gravity of 1.020
d. Clear and yellow color
ANS: B
Ketone bodies are by-products of incomplete metabolism of fatty acids. Normally no ketones are present in urine. Ketone bodies are produced when fat sources are used instead of glucose to provide cellular energy. A pH between 4.6 and 8, specific gravity between 1.005 and 1.030, and clear yellow urine are normal findings for a female client's urinalysis.
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