What is a difference between a voluntary act and an involuntary act?

What will be an ideal response?


A voluntary act is a conscious choice by an individual to commit or not to commit an act. Involuntary acts are those acts that are a result of a reflex or a convulsion, a bodily movement during unconsciousness or sleep, conduct during hypnosis or resulting from hypnotic suggestion, and bodily movements that otherwise is not a product of the effort or determination of the actor, either conscious or habitual.

Criminal Justice

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Suicide by cop accounted for a staggering 40% of all justifiable homicides in 2001

A. True B. False

Criminal Justice

When an indigent defendant is to be given a preliminary hearing following an arrest, the defendant

A) has no right to have his or her legal counsel cross-examine the adverse witnesses since cross-examination is a trial right and cannot be exercised during the pretrial stage. B) must be given an attorney free of charge because the Supreme Court has determined that a preliminary hearing is a critical stage of the criminal justice process. C) needs an attorney because most defenses are lost if not asserted at the preliminary hearing. D) does not automatically get free legal counsel because there is not a great chance that the criminal case would be dismissed at this stage of the criminal justice process. E) both responses B and C are correct.

Criminal Justice

Which of the following can be attributed to improved reentry methods such as intensive care management or an increase in legitimate employment opportunities?

A. recidivism B. sex offender registries C. marriage and relationships D. family care

Criminal Justice

Tort law includes any wrong, hurt, or damage done to a person's rights, body, reputation, or property

Indicate whether the statement is true or false

Criminal Justice