According to Souryal's typology, the type of probation or parole officer who has a tendency to use illegal threats and violate the due-process protections of his/her clients, is called the:
a. punitive law enforcer.
b. bureaucratic paper pusher.
c. welfare/therapeutic practitioner.
d. passive time observer.
a
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Seeking a higher court's review of a lower court's decision is done through a(n) ___________.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
Which statement about the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organization (RICO) Act is true?
a. It was originally adopted primarily as a means of prosecuting white collar offenders b. It cannot be used against white collar offenders c. It has been applied to a range of white collar offenders d. It has been applied only to white collar and organized crime offenders
The scientific method can be readily applied to criminal investigations.
a. true b. false
Which of the following is NOT a justification for community-based corrections?
a. It satisfies the correctional goal of retribution. b. It assists offenders in reintegration. c. It diverts offenders from prison. d. It presents low cost alternative to incarceration.