Explain how aldosterone and ADH work together to compensate for dehydration. What will be an ideal response?
ANSWER: The kidneys secrete renin in response to reduced ECF volume and arterial blood
pressure. Renin converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin I. Angiotensin I is converted
to angiotensin II Angiotensin II stimulates the adrenal cortex to release aldosterone.
Aldosterone stimulates the distal tubules of the kidneys to reabsorb sodium and
consequently water. This conserves water and decreases urine output. Vasopressin or
anti-diuretic hormone is released by the posterior pituitary and targets cells in the
distal tubules and collecting ducts to become more permeable to water. In this case,
increased water reabsorption occurs decreasing urine output, conserving water.
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