Match the term with the appropriate definition or description.
A. Free association
B. Defense mechanisms
C. Fully functioning
D. Self-efficacy
E. Dopamine
F. Deep brain stimulation
G. Participant modeling
H. Vicarious reinforcement
I. Counterconditioning
J. Operant conditioning
A. a method used in psychoanalysis in which the client speaks freely, saying whatever comes to mind
B. various tactics that keep unacceptable thoughts, feelings, and instincts out of conscious awareness
C. expression used to describe an individual who is able to put his or her psychological resources to their maximal use
D. An individual's perception of competence in various life situations
E. a neurotransmitter associated with Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia
F. a somatic treatment in which a neurosurgeon implants a microelectrode that delivers a constant low electrical stimulation to a small region of the brain
G. a form of therapy in which the therapist first shows the client a desired behavior and then guides the client through the behavioral change
H. a form of learning in which a new behavior is acquired through the process of watching someone else receive reinforcement for the same behavior
I. the process of replacing an undesired response to a stimulus with an acceptable response
J. a learning process in which an individual acquires behaviors through reinforcement
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What is considered to be evidence-based behavioral and psychosocial treatment for ADHD?
a. making the unconscious conscious and motivational interviewing b. self-management training and classroom management strategies c. building empathy and assertiveness-training d. anger management techniques and short-term day treatment
A pilot looks down out of a jet and spots a tiny island in the middle of the vast blue sea. From the perspective of the pilot, what is the figure and what is the (back)ground?
A) The island is the figure, and the sea is the ground. B) The sea is the figure, and the island is the ground. C) The island and sea represent a reversible figure–ground relationship. D) The sea is the figure, and the sky is the ground.
Which of the following is an emerging trend in community psychology identified in Chapter 14?
a. concern with social justice b. prevention and promotion programs c. citizen participation d. sense of community
Your doctor explains that at your next appointment a technician will use an instrument that sends sounds waves through the abdomen to produce an image of the fetus and nearby structures. This technique is referred to as
A) positron emission tomography. B) chorionic villus sampling. C) amniocentesis. D) ultrasonography.