How did Alfred Adler counter argue Sigmund Freud's concept of psychological defense mechanisms?
A. Adler focused more on the social and cultural forces behind neurosis and the neurotic personality that influence defense mechanisms.
B. Adler believed that sex or aggression, not a need for superiority, is the major drive behind all behavior.
C. Adler assumed that humans naturally work toward overcoming their inherent inferiorities or deficiencies, both physical and psychological.
D. Adler's idea of defense mechanisms consisted of the shared experiences of our ancestors that have been transmitted from generation to generation.
Answer: C
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Chapter 2 discussed two related topics, called change blindness and inattentional blindness. According to this discussion,
a. we need to monitor our environment more carefully, so that our perception is more accurate. b. in reality, these cognitive errors can be traced to strategy that makes sense in the real world. c. both of these topics reflect a basic deficit in object recognition. d. both of these topics can be traced to overactive bottom-up processing.
Collecting observations, testing predictions about how to best explain the observations, and developing theories are all part of
A) the scientific method. B) pseudoscience. C) the biopsychosocial model. D) the psychoanalytic model.
The human body is capable of defeating a wide range of viruses; however, HIV is universally fatal. What characteristic of HIV seems responsible for its lethal effect?
a) The virus directly attacks heart muscle. b) It attacks the bones, leading to multiple fractures. c) The virus attaches to neurons, reducing the ability to transmit signals. d) Rapid mutation of HIV makes it difficult for the immune system to defeat its action.
According to Erik Erikson, what is the developmental challenge during middle to late childhood?
A. trust versus mistrust B. autonomy versus shame and doubt C. initiative versus guilt D. industry versus inferiority