Dr. Johnston has calculated a correlation between the number of cigarettes smoked per week and the age of his patients at the point of their first heart attack as r = –0.92 . Dr. Johnston and his associates claim there apparently is no relationship between smoking and heart attacks. What error has Dr. Johnson made?
a. No error has been made; an r = –0.92 is so close to 0 that there is no
relationship.
b. A correlation coefficient this close to –1 means there probably is a relationship, but we probably should do asignificance test just to be sure.
c. Not everyone who smokes has a heart attack.
d. Dr. Johnston should know there are numerous factors involved when a person has a heart attack.
b
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Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)
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Which of the following numbers indicates the weakest correlational relationship?
.90 –.76 .05 –.50
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