The most important role of water in biological activities is:
A. Hydrophobic interaction
B. Low boiling point
C. Hydrogen bond formation
D. Ionic bond formation
Ans: C. Hydrogen bond formation
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Chordates all possess which of the following, at least during embryological development? Select all that apply
A. a notochord B. a dorsal nerve cord C. a post-anal tail D. a bony skeleton E. jaws
Both thermogenin and 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) uncouple oxidation from ATP synthesis. Thermogenin is expressed in the mitochondria of brown fat cells in newborn animals and adult mammals that hibernate
DNP was marketed in the 1930s as a diet pill, but in addition to causing weight loss it sometimes caused death. a. Compare the mechanisms by which these uncouplers affect ATP synthesis. b. What function does thermogenin serve for brown fat cells? c. Why is the rationale for DNP as a diet drug? d. Considering locations of the effects in an animal and the possibility for allosteric regulation, suggest why thermogenin is advantageous and DNP dangerous for humans?
Proteus species often cause urinary tract infections.
a. true b. false
The inheritance of the petite phenotype in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is complicated by an interaction of mitochondrial and nuclear genes. Which of the following is a false statement about petites in S. cerevisiae?
A) Segregational petites are characterized by mutations in the nuclear genome. B) Suppressive petites are characterized by mitochondria lacking most of its DNA. C) Neutral petites, when crossed to wild type, yield wild-type mitochondrial function. D) The three categories of petites are segregational, neutral, and suppressive. E) Both nuclear and cytoplasmic (mitochondrial) genes contribute to the petite phenotype in some cases.