The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941 came as a great surprise because
a. President Roosevelt and his advisors believed that the attack would come in Malaya or the Philippines.
b. no American officials expected that Japan would start a war with the United States.
c. Japanese communications were in a secret code unknown to the United States.
d. the Hawaiian base was small and of little strategic interest.
e. it was believed that Japan had such insufficient access to oil and other resources that it would not risk an expanded war.
a
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