A patient is having an echocardiogram with measurement of ejection fraction. The nurse realizes this diagnostic test will evaluate which of the following cardiac characteristics?
1. preload
2. afterload
3. contractility
4. cardiac output
3
Rationale: Contractility is defined as the force of myocardial contraction and reflects the ability of the heart muscle to work independently of preload and afterload; the ability to function as a pump. Ejection fraction is a measure of the percent of blood ejected with each stroke volume and is used as an index of myocardial function. The ejection fraction is the stroke volume divided by end diastolic volume. A normal ejection fraction is 60 percent. The ejection fraction does not evaluate preload, afterload, or cardiac output.
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