When is the correlation coefficient zero?
A) It is never zero
B) When there is no linear correlation
C) When there is a perfect positive linear correlation
D) When there is a perfect negative linear correlation
B
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Most homeless women are working-class women
Indicate whether this statement is true or false.
Language may subconsciously encourage racial prejudgment __________
A) if people use nasty words B) because if you hear words, you believe them C) of the negative connotations of some D) of their frequent repetition
A researcher has found a strong relationship between level of education and income and concludes that "higher levels of education cause higher income.". What error has been made?
a. None, the argument is sound b. Income is only nominal in level of measurement and education is ordinal so they cannot be causally related c. Since these variables are continuous and interval ratio, they cannot have a causal relationship d. By itself, association does not prove causation
The fact that communism did not produce classless societies is not seen by Marxists as evidence that Marx was incorrect because
a. it was adopted in pre-capitalist societies, and Marx saw capitalism as a precondition for classless societies. b. socialism and communism have never been adopted by any societies. c. they do not believe there is genuine evidence of social class existing in formerly communist countries. d. the former Soviet Union and China have embraced capitalism. e. Marx never predicted a classless society.