What are the five steps to determine circuit compressible volume?
What will be an ideal response?
1.) with the circuit warmed to an operating temperature, set the frequency at 10 to 16/min and the tidal volume between 100 and 200 mL with minimal flow rate and maximum high pressure limit
2.) completely occlude the patient Y-connection of the ventilator circuit
3.) record the expired volume (mL) and the peak inspiratory pressure during Y occlusion (cm H2O)
4.) divide the expired volume (mL) by the peak inspiratory pressure during Y occlusion (cm H2O); this is the circuit compression factor
5.) multiply the circuit compression factor (mL/cm H2O) by the peak inspiratory pressure during mechanical ventilation (cm H2O), or (peak inspiratory pressure-PEEP) if PEEP is used
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a. 5% to 10% b. 20% to 35% c. 30% to 50% d. 50% to 75%
A mechanically ventilated patient is being assessed for her level of sedation. The patient is semi-asleep and responds to verbal commands. What score on the Ramsay Sedation Scale should be assigned to this patient?
a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 5
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a. Diaphragmatic eventration b. Morgagni's hernia c. Bochdalek's hernia d. Diaphragmatic altimetry
Which of the following does not describe the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system?
A. It secretes norepinephrine. B. It slows the heart and respiratory rates. C. It releases acetylcholine. D. It activates the digestive glands.