General findings are that there is a moderate positive
correlation—about .3 to .4—between brain size and measured intelligence. We must remember, however, that this relationship does not mean that having a bigger brain is directly responsible for higher intelligence. Some third variable, such as better nutrition, might explain this relationship. This reminds us of the critical thinking concept of
A) correlation versus causation.
B) replicability.
C) Occam's Razor.
D) extraordinary claims.
Answer: A
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According to the idea of stereotype threat, what lowers someone's performance on a test?
a. The lack of opportunity to develop academic skills in early childhood b. Becoming discouraged by a few difficult questions at the start of the test c. The prospect of being punished for a poor performance on the test d. An expectation that people like themselves do poorly on the test
Of the following widowed individuals, who has the lowest risk for suicide?
a. Cleo, a white female c. Jefferson, an African American male b. Shanti, an African American female d. Martin, a white male
Petty, Cacioppo, and Goldman (1981) found that the effects of a persuasive message depend on ______.
a. personal relevance of the message, argument strength, and source expertise b. distraction and argument strength c. message length and source expertise d. all of these
How are rejected-aggressive and withdrawn children similar?
A. They both misinterpret other children's behaviors and motives. B. They both engage in relational aggression. C. They both engage in overt aggression. D. They both have at least one friend they can count on.