In an experiment studying classical conditioning, a tone sounds and 0.5 seconds later a puff of air is delivered to a participant's eye. The participant blinks. This process is repeated once per minute. After a number of trials, the participant blinks as soon as the tone sounds and before the puff of air is actually delivered. Within the context of this example, what is the US?
A) the puff of air
B) the tone
C) the time interval
D) the blinking
A) the puff of air
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According to John Bowlby, an internal working model helps the child to _______.
a. forecast the future b. play more efficiently c. both of the above d. none of the above
When Tamara and her classmates say the Pledge of Allegiance every morning, their teacher smiles and approves. This is an example of children acquiring attitudes such as patriotism through
a. observation. c. rote learning. b. conditioning. d. innate mechanisms.
During their therapy session, it is clear to Dr. Brennan that Seeley has some illogical beliefs. Whenever he sees someone laughing, he's convinced they are laughing at him. He also harbors the notion that everyone dislikes him when they initially meet him as a follower of Beck's therapy approach, Dr. Brennan plans to help Seeley confront his
A. latent content. B. cognitive distortions. C. incongruence. D. loose associations.
Which of the following statements is supported by research on reading?
A) Around age 7 or 8, a major shift occurs from "reading to learn" to "learning to read." B) Children who read aloud fluently without registering meaning know little about effective reading strategies. C) Children who receive whole-language instruction are more accurate spellers than children who are taught phonics only. D) When reading is kept meaningful, children are motivated to participate in classroom discussions.