A patient is given a prescription for azithromycin [Zithromax] and asks the nurse why the dose on the first day is twice the amount of the dose on the next 4 days. Which reply by the nurse is correct?
a. "A large initial dose helps to get the drug to optimal levels in the body faster."
b. "The first dose is larger to minimize the first pass effect of the liver."
c. "The four smaller doses help the body ta-per the amount of drug more gradually."
d. "Tubular reabsorption is faster with initial doses, so more is needed at first."
A
A large initial dose is often used as a loading dose to help get serum drug levels to plateau levels more quickly. Larger doses do not prevent first pass effects in drugs susceptible to this type of metabolism. Tapering of doses sometimes is used to prevent rebound or withdrawal effects and is done by stepping down the amount of drug with each dose. Tubular reabsorption is a process that allows drugs to be reabsorbed from the urine into the blood.
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