Examine the proposed existence of a fifth stage of cognitive development. Describe the characteristics of this fifth stage. What evidence for it exists? What doubts have been raised regarding its likelihood?
What will be an ideal response?
The proposed fifth stage of cognitive development, postformal thought, is
characterized by problem finding that includes practical, flexible thinking in
anticipation of problems. Evidence for a fifth stage may be observed in the ability to
use emotion and logic to address practical problems, a cognitive skill beyond that of
adolescents. In addition, there are certain ways of thinking in adulthood that are not
observed earlier, moving adults to a new cognitive level, depending on their life
circumstances. Doubts raised include whether the cognitive stages exist at all,
especially in adulthood. A new set of cognitive skills does not present itself in
adulthood but the integration of emotion and logic does.
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According to Eysenck, levels of __________ contribute to the dimension of psychoticism.
A. neurotransmitters B. hormones and enzymes C. sympathetic activation D. alertness
In their junior high school English class one day, Jason is reading a book and minding his own business. Suddenly, Steve, a well-known bully, yells, "Hey, Jason, you're fat!" Some of the classmates laugh nervously, and Jason looks up and just smiles. Then Steve says, "Look at that smile, man. You're ugly, too!" The laughter in the class stops, as Jason looks back down at his book, clearly embarrassed and humiliated. Steve has engaged in a form of ____ aggression.
a. socialized b. instrumental c. relational d. hostile
John was late for work after being caught in a traffic jam. Then he got caught in the rain walking from the parking garage to his office. John's experiences are best described as
a. life events. b. trauma. c. hassles. d. anxiety. e. distress.
Having someone demonstrate the correct behavior for the learner is called _________________
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word