Compare and contrast phonological awareness and phonemic awareness
What will be an ideal response?
Phonemic awareness is knowledge of individual speech sounds. Phonological awareness is a broader understanding of speech sounds, which includes larger units of speech such as syllables and word families. Both focus on oral language and lead to a better understanding of letter/sound relationships.
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The term used in qualitative research to address the issue of consistency in the data is
a. Generalizability. c. dependability. b. credibility. d. confirmability.
Which answer includes an example of appropriate feedback?
A. "Louis, you still have some trouble. Please do numbers five through ten again." B. "Louis, please remind me to go over those subtraction problems with you next week." C. "Louis, let's look at number five. You made a mistake in lining up the columns. Please explain why you solved it that way." D. "Louis, I see you had some trouble with numbers five through ten. I know you tried very hard, so don't worry. I'll only grade the first half of your assignment."
In which one of the following situations does a researcher definitely have a problem with the reliability of a data collection technique?
a. Ms. Arthur assesses children's overall physical fitness on Monday; she then assesses it the following Monday. Children who perform well one week are not the same ones who perform well the following week. b. Mr. Benavidez uses a test of mechanical aptitude to determine which high school students are ready to take a calculus course. Later, he finds out that the students who got some of the lowest scores on the test are actually some of the best students in the calculus course. c. Mr. Candelaria distributes a questionnaire to a group of fifth graders without first obtaining their parents' permission. d. To determine the frequency with which young adolescents drink alcoholic beverages, Ms. D'Amato conducts two-hour, one-on-one interviews with a sample of 200 middle school students.
Two influential documents, Turning Points and Great Transitions, both publications of the Carnegie Council on Adolescent Development:
a. called attention to the fact that the declining academic achievement in the elementary school directly correlated to declining parent interest and involvement. b. urged secondary schools to encourage middle schools to replicate some successful secondary programs. c. offered recommendations for reengaging parents in the education of their young adolescents. d. stated middle schools should take a realistic approach and only seek the participation and involvement of parents of brighter and higher achieving young adolescents.