Parents ask the nurse, "What makes the opening between the baby's atriums close at birth?" The nurse's response is that cardiovascular changes that cause the foramen ovale to close at birth are a direct result of:
a. changes in the hepatic blood flow.
b. increased pressure in the left atrium.
c. increased pressure in the right atrium.
d. decreased blood flow to the left ventricle.
ANS: B
With the increase in the blood flow to the left atrium from the lungs, the pressure is increased, and the foramen ovale is functionally closed. The hepatic blood flow changes, but that is not the reason for the closure of the foramen ovale. The pressure in the right atrium decreases at birth. It is higher during fetal life. Blood flow increases to the left ventricle after birth.
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