Explain the two perspectives of organizational culture. List the different culture types based on Competing Values Framework
One view of organizational culture assumes that culture exists outside of participants and their communication patterns. Another perspective of organizational culture is that it is created and reproduced through the communication practices of its participants with an expansive view of what constitutes communication: symbols; artifacts, such as company logos and accepted employee dress; and structural elements, such as office layout and design.
Theorists have constructed a variety of models to try to capture the essence of corporate culture. But one simple model based on the Competing Values Framework distinguishes four culture types, which are summarized here to illustrate the differences that might emerge in corporate cultures:
a. Clan culture-It refers to a friendly workplace where leaders act like father figures. It has an internal focus and is flexible.
b. Adhocracy culture-It refers to a dynamic workplace with leaders who stimulate innovation. It has an external focus and is flexible.
c. Market culture-It refers to a competitive workplace where leaders are hard drivers. It has an external focus and is controlled.
d. Hierarchy culture-It refers to a structured and formalized workplace where leaders act like coordinators or administrators. It has an internal focus and is controlled.
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