Explain horizontal gene transfer and demonstrate how this phenomenon has complicated evolutionary studies using a diagram that illustrates phylogenetic relationships between organisms and genes
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: Horizontal (or lateral) gene transfer involves a gene sequence being transferred from one cell to another non-progenic cell. This mechanism explains how one cell lineage acquires genes from others but complicates phylogenetics. It is therefore difficult to determine the evolutionary relatedness of organisms when they each contain a mosaic of genes laterally transferred from several different organisms.
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Which statement is true of cephalochordates?
a. They lack pharyngeal slits. b. They have existed for 500 million years. c. They have well-developed brains. d. They are excellent hunters.
The amount of energy stored in plant tissue is an ecosystem's
a. gross primary productivity. b. net primary productivity. c. biomass ratio. d. greenhouse cofactor. e. production limit.
In prokaryotes that carry out aerobic respiration, the ________ serves the same purpose as the inner mitochondrial membrane and the ________ serves the same purpose as the mitochondrial matrix
A) ribosomes; plasma membrane B) cytoplasm; plasma membrane C) cytoplasm; cell wall D) cytoplasm; nucleoid E) plasma membrane; cytoplasm
In the late winter, as seeds prepare to germinate, the levels of ________ in seeds should be declining as the levels of ________ are increasing
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word