A patient taking Duragesic (fentanyl) appears lethargic, is not easily aroused, has pinpoint pupils, and has the following vital signs: respirations 10/minute, pulse 98/minute, BP 100/42
Which of the following actions by the nurse would be the most appropriate pharmacological intervention?
a. Administer flumazenil (Romazicon).
b. Administer naloxone (Narcan).
c. Administer atropine (AtroPen).
d. Administer epinephrine (Adrenaline).
ANS: B
The administration of naloxone would be the correct choice, because it is a direct antagonist for opiates.
Flumazenil would be indicated for benzodiazepine overdose.
Atropine would be indicated for organophosphate poisoning.
Epinephrine would be indicated for anaphylaxis.
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A 55-year-old patient comes to the clinic for a routine check-up. The patient's BP is 159/100 mm Hg and the physician diagnoses hypertension after referring to previous readings
The patient asks why it is important to treat hypertension. What would be the nurse's best response? A) "Hypertension can cause you to develop dangerous blood clots in your legs that can migrate to your lungs." B) "Hypertension puts you at increased risk of type 1 diabetes and cancer in your age group." C) "Hypertension is the leading cause of death in people your age." D) "Hypertension greatly increases your risk of stroke and heart disease."
Patience is 29 years old and has been HIV positive for 9 years. She has remained asymptomatic and is not taking antiretroviral medication
Recently she was at the drop-in clinic to talk to a public health nurse about having a baby through artificial insemination. She said she had met a man who wanted to marry her and have children with her, but she was concerned about the baby contracting HIV. Her latest blood tests indicated her CD4+ count was 380/ µL. The PCR test indicated her viral load was 850. The nurse referred her to the physician to discuss antiretroviral therapy during her pregnancy. What are the factors that increase the chance of HIV transmission from mother to infant, and how the transmission occurs? Patience was told that after she became pregnant, she would begin HAART therapy. Describe what this therapy is and what particular antiretroviral medication would be particularly useful to her during her pregnancy. What concern is there about administering certain antiretrovirals early in the pregnancy? Individuals with HIV are prone to contracting opportunistic infections. What are opportunistic infections and the risk factors that leave an individual with HIV particularly prone to contracting this type of illness?
The nurse is caring for a client who is taken off a ventilator and placed on continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). What intervention is most appropriate for this client?
a. Administering antianxiety medications PRN b. Administering a medication to help the client sleep c. Telling the client to relax and let the ven-tilator do the work d. Making sure the client is breathing spon-taneously
Participating in a journal club in a practice setting, which involves meetings among nurses to discuss and critique research articles, is one way to get involved with the research process
A) True B) False