Rebecca is seen in the outpatient clinic today. Tests were run, and she has been diagnosed with bladder stones
a. Explain what bladder stones are and how they can occur.
b. What signs and symptoms would Rebecca display?
c. What are some of the diagnostic tools?
d. What are the treatment options for Rebecca?
Students' answers should include the following:
a. Originate in upper urinary tract and travel downward into the bladder; immobility may also cause stones
b. Hematuria, pain in suprapubic region, urinary retention, bladder infection, difficulty urinating initially, and feeling full are some of the common symptoms.
c. Diagnostics include urine samples, blood chemistry, ultrasound, KUB of bladder and pelvis area, and, if necessary, cystoscopy.
d. Litholapaxy or surgical removal may be necessary for stone removal.
Stone composition needs analysis for determination cause.
Low-purine diet, also calcium from excessive calcium intake
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