A client with sickle cell disease informs the nurse that he is having chest pain. The nurse hears the client coughing, wheezing, and breathing rapidly. What does the nurse suspect is occurring with this client?
A) Vaso-occlusive crisis
B) Pneumocystis pneumonia
C) Acute chest syndrome
D) Acute muscular strain
C
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One of the unique manifestations of sickle cell disease is "acute chest syndrome," a type of pneumonia triggered by decreased hemoglobin and infiltrates in the lungs. Acute chest syndrome is characterized by respiratory symptoms, such as coughing, wheezing, tachypnea, and chest pain. Vaso-occlusive crisis causes decrease in tissue perfusion and predisposes the client to pneumonia but is not the present problem with this client. Pneumocystis pneumonia is present in the client with HIV/AIDS or other immunocompromised clients. The client's symptoms do not correlate with a diagnosis of acute muscular strain.
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