Duplicated chromosomes linked together at their
centromeres at the beginning of meiosis are
appropriately called what kind of chromatids?
a. mother
b. daughter
c. sister
d. homologous
e. haploid
Answer: c
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Chemolithotrophs near hydrothermal vents support a variety of life forms. Why is this analogous to photosynthetic microbes supporting life forms closer to the surface of the planet?
A. Because all life forms need some energy source, electron source, and carbon source. Chemolithotrophs fix inorganic carbon and, if consumed by other microbes, could serve as sources for all three requirements for life. This is very similar to the role that photosynthetic microbes play in the top levels of the oceans/lakes. B. Because chemolithotrophs will also utilize energy from sunlight to form their sugars/get their chemical energy...much like photosynthetic microbes. C. Because chemolithotrophs also pull in carbon dioxide as their carbon source, just like photosynthetic microbes. D. Because photosynthetic microbes utilize heat energy from the sun as an energy source. Chemolithotrophs utilize heat energy from hydrothermal vents, but it's still heat energy. This makes both microbes similar.
Programmed cell death, or apoptosis, is a necessary and useful property of cells. Why is this so?
What will be an ideal response?
Sea snakes, which are reptiles, are similar in body form to eels, which are fish. Sea snakes and eels therefore
demonstrate:a. role reversal. b. ancestral traits c. homologous traits. d. divergent evolution. e. convergent evolution.
An organism is discovered that consumes a considerable amount of sugar, yet does not gain much weight when denied air. Curiously, the consumption of sugar increases as air is removed from the organism's environment, but the organism seems to thrive even in the absence of air. When returned to normal air, the organism does fine. Which of the following best describes the organism?
A) It must use a molecule other than oxygen to accept electrons from the electron transport chain. B) It is a normal eukaryotic organism. C) The organism obviously lacks the citric acid cycle and electron transport chain. D) It is an anaerobic organism. E) It is a facultative anaerobe.