Outline the two causal fallacies commonly associated with units of analysis. Give an example that demonstrates each, describing the problems with each fallacy in terms of the example.
What will be an ideal response?
Ecological fallacy—an error in reasoning in which incorrect conclusions about
individual-level processes are drawn from group-level data; example—a researcher
looking at factory records and making the assumption that individual unskilled factory
workers were more likely to engage in sabotage; reductionism—an error in reasoning that
occurs when incorrect conclusions about group-level processes are based on individual-
level data; example—making a connection between individual-level data between race
and the likelihood of arrest for violent crime and applying that to racial groups on a large
scale.
You might also like to view...
Lulabelle is a job coach for a county social services department. Stella, age 19, is one of Lulabelle’s clients. Stella
emphasizes that she would like to get a clerical job like a secretary or administrative assistant. Stella says she’s generally shy with people and would like a job where she could work in a more solitary manner. Stella states she has always been good at typing. Lulabelle knows that Stella never graduated from high school. She can’t believe that Stella’s typing or writing skills are anywhere near adequate for such a position. Therefore, Lulabelle decides not to inform Stella about available clerical alternatives. Rather, she steers Stella to think about becoming a sales clerk. This is the ethical thing to do.
a. True b. False
When did the “shallow ecology” approach first emerge?
a. the social, physical, and natural environments from 1930 to 1945 b. social work approaches from 1920 to 1930 c. the emergence of social work from 1890 to 1920 d. the pre-professional era from 1870 to 1890
The process by which individuals and systems respond respectfully and effectively to people of all cultures, languages, classes, races, ethnic backgrounds, religious, and other diversity factors in a manner that recognizes, affirms, and values the
worth of individuals, families, and communities and protects and preserves the dignity of each refers specifically to ______. a. culturally competent social work practice b. anti-racist social work practice c. anti-oppressive social work practice d. generalist social work practice
Define R square.
What will be an ideal response?