In a typical sequencing reaction, the amount of dNTPs is much greater than of the ddNTPs. Predict the results if equal amounts of both types of nucleotides were used in each reaction. After gel electrophoresis and visualization:
A. mostly long fragments would be present and no sequence could be read close to the primer.
B. mostly short fragments would be present and only sequences very close to the primer could be read.
C. the sequence could be read normally; the dNTP/ddNTP ratio does not affect the products of the reaction.
D. only the purine reactions would show termination and be read from the gel.
E. no bands would be visible because the high concentration of ddNTPs would inhibit the activity of the polymerase.
B
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Chargaff found several facts about the base composition of DNA. One of these rules is
a. There is a 1:1 relationship between G and T. b. There is a 2:1 relationship between purines and pyrimidines. c. The amount of A equals the amount of T. d. The amount of purines is half the amount of pyrimidines. e. None of these are true.
What is a primary difference between polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and traditional cloning procedures such as those used to clone the human growth hormone gene?
A) PCR and traditional cloning make use of different types of bacteria. B) PCR and traditional cloning make use of different types of vectors. C) PCR uses plasmid vectors, whereas traditional cloning uses bacteria. D) PCR eliminates the need for restriction enzymes, vectors, and cells. E) PCR is more time-consuming, but the purity of the obtained DNA clone is much higher than in traditional cloning.
Heavy metals, such as copper, are required for proper development. However, if too much copper is present it can lead to developmental defects
A scientist was interested in studying the developmental defects that could occur at various concentrations of copper. Genetically identical organisms were grown in 6 different concentrations of copper. This experiment evaluates a(n) _____________. A. epistasis B. dominant trait C. recessive trait D. norm of reaction
How does the tRNA synthetase enzyme charge a tRNA with the correct amino acid?
A. Different tRNA synthetases recognize specific sequences in the final three nucleotides on the 3' end of the tRNA and attach the matching amino acid. B. Each different tRNA synthetase has one region that recognizes the tRNA anticodon and a second region that attaches the matching amino acid to the CCA at the 3' end of the tRNA. C. A single tRNA synthetase in the cell is responsible for recognizing specific anticodon sequences and adding the correct amino acid to each tRNA. D. Different tRNA synthetases recognize specific sequences in the D and T loops of the tRNA and attach the matching amino acid.