Which of the following definitions accurately describes the state of coma?
a. A prolonged state of consciousness similar to non-REM sleep
b. A state marked by a complete loss of consciousness
c. A disordered state of consciousness marked by the ability to show some behaviors that suggest at least partial consciousness, even if on an inconsistent basis
d. A state of minimal consciousness, where the patient's eyes may be open, and he or she experiences a sleep-wake cycle
Answer: B
Rationale: A coma differs from sleep in that some brain stem reflexes are suppressed (e.g., the pupils no longer dilate and contract with changes in brightness).
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