A 33-year-old pregnant woman at 22 weeks' gestation is undergoing an amniocentesis to test for intrauterine growth restriction. Which of the following conditions may cause this concern?
A) Maternal diabetes
B) Maternal age >30 years
C) Maternal smoking
D) Fetal cardiac defects
A
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The birth attendant may order an amniocentesis when he or she suspects intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), which generally results in an infant that is small for gestational age (SGA). IUGR can begin at any time during pregnancy and is linked to inadequate amounts of oxygen and nutrients necessary for fetal growth. Causes related to maternal conditions include diabetes (gestational or long-standing), placental growth or functioning, intrauterine infection, or pregnancy-induced hypertension.
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