Which of the following best describes how ATP synthase converts the potential energy of the proton gradient to the chemical energy of ATP?
A. Kinetic energy from the flow of protons is
converted to the kinetic energy of rotation of
the F0 subunit; this is transferred to the F1
subunit and used to catalyze ATP synthesis.
B. The flow of protons through the F0 subunit
reduces the F1 subunit, which allows ADP to
be oxidized to ATP.
C. The flow of protons through the F0 subunit
oxidizes the F1 subunit, which allows ADP to
be reduced to ATP.
D. Kinetic energy from the flow of protons is
stored in a new electrochemical gradient
within the F0 subunit. The potential energy of
the electrochemical gradient, in turn, is
converted to kinetic energy in the F1 subunit
and used to catalyze ATP synthesis.
E. None of these answer options accurately
describes how ATP synthase converts the
potential energy of the proton gradient to the
chemical energy of ATP.
A
You might also like to view...
"Adult" stem cells are more accurately called tissue-specific or somatic stem cells because
A) they are also present in the tissues of embryos, fetuses, and children. B) some adults do not have them. C) whether they are present or not in an adult depends upon the individual's level of maturity. D) an adult body also contains embryonic stem cells.
Four of the five answers listed below are
members of the same group. Select the EXCEPTION.
a. amoeba b. clostridium c. euglena d. water molds e. ciliates
The first stage of aerobic respiration is a series of biochemical reactions called the Calvin cycle.
a. true b. false
The protozoan Didinium feeds on other organisms by engulfing them. Why are bacteria, in general, unable to feed on other cells in this way?
What will be an ideal response?