Explain why a person with type A blood cannot receive a transfusion of type B blood. How is this process different
than a mismatched transfusion associated with the Rh antigen? What will be an ideal response?
ANSWER: Answers should be similar to this. A person with type-A blood has the A marker on the RBC
surface and the B antibodies in their plasma. A person with type-B blood has the B marker on
the RBC surface. A recipient of mismatched blood does not need to have prior exposure to
antigen for the transfusion reaction to occur. A person with type-A blood has the anti-B
antibodies present in their plasma. So if this person is given blood with the B marker
transfusion reaction or agglutination occurs. The transfusion reactions to the Rh antigen
require prior exposure to mismatched blood. A person who is Rh negative does not carry the
anti-Rh antibody in their blood until they are first exposed to the mismatched blood. This first
exposure does not produce the transfusion reaction but sensitizes the person to the Rh antigen
by causing the production of anti-Rh antibodies. The next time the person is exposed to the
Rh antigen the transfusion reaction occurs.
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