The nurse has administered a dose of codeine to a client for the management of postoperative pain
The nurse monitors for respiratory depression because _____ % of codeine is metabolized and converted to morphine, which can cause respiratory depression in the clients.
Fill in the blank with the appropriate word.
Correct Answer: 10
Rationale: Chemical changes to drugs always result in functional changes. The products of drug metabolism, or metabolites, usually have less pharmacologic activity than the original molecule. On rare occasions a metabolite may have greater activity than the original drug. This is the case for codeine. Although 90% of codeine is changed to inactive metabolites by the liver, 10% is converted to morphine, which has significantly greater ability to relieve severe pain and has the potential to cause respiratory depression in clients.
Global Rationale: Chemical changes to drugs always result in functional changes. The products of drug metabolism, or metabolites, usually have less pharmacologic activity than the original molecule. On rare occasions a metabolite may have greater activity than the original drug. This is the case for codeine. Although 90% of codeine is changed to inactive metabolites by the liver, 10% is converted to morphine, which has significantly greater ability to relieve severe pain and has the potential to cause respiratory depression in clients.
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