While trying to explain the physiology behind type 2 diabetes to a group of nursing students, the instructor will mention which of the following accurate information?

Question

A) The destruction of beta cells and absolute lack of insulin in people with type 2 diabetes means that they are particularly prone to the development of diabetic complication.
B) Because of the loss of insulin response, all people with type 2 diabetes require exogenous insulin replacement to control blood glucose levels.
C) In skeletal muscle, insulin resistance prompts decreased uptake of glucose. Following meals (postprandial), glucose levels are higher due to diminished efficiency of glucose clearance.
D) They have increased predisposition to other autoimmune disorders such as Graves disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and Addison disease.

Answer 1

Ans: C
Feedback:
The metabolic abnormalities that lead to type 2 diabetes include (1) peripheral insulin resistance, (2) deranged secretion of insulin by the pancreatic beta cells, and (3) increased glucose production by the liver. In skeletal muscle, insulin resistance prompts decreased uptake of glucose. Although muscle glucose uptake is slightly increased after a meal, the efficiency with which it is taken up is decreased, resulting in an increase in blood glucose levels following a meal. The other distractors relate to type 1 diabetes.