Living things are highly ordered and maintain a state of low entropy. How is that possible given what we know about the second law of thermodynamics?

a. Living things are closed systems and the net change in entropy cannot be measured accurately.
b. Though living things seem orderly, they are actually inherently disordered and do so much damage to their environments that the net enthalpy offsets the net entropy.
c. Despite the orderly nature of living things, the universe’s total entropy continues to increase due to losing usable energy with each energy transfer that occurs.
d. Living things are an exception to the second law of thermodynamics as this law only applies to non-living and inorganic substances in the universe.


c. Despite the orderly nature of living things, the universe’s total entropy continues to increase due to losing usable energy with each energy transfer that occurs.

Biology & Microbiology

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