A human subject is defined as a living individual about whom an investigator conducting research obtains:
a. data without direct or indirect interaction or intervention.
b. information that is not expected to be made public.
c. no diagnostic information and does not manipulate the subjects environment.
d. information without any communication/contact during the research.
ANS: B
A human subject is defined as "a living individual about whom an investigator conducting research obtains (1) data through intervention or interaction with the individual or (2) identifiable private information" (Office of Human Research Protection, 2008, para. 3). Interventions may include procedures such as gathering diagnostic information or manipulating the subject's environment. Interaction refers to any communication or contact during the research. Private information includes anything not expected to be made public, such as a medical record.
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