Paraneoplastic syndromes in cancer involve excessive production of substances by multiple means. A common substance found in excessive amounts due to cancer paraneoplastic syndromes is
a. insulin.
b. tumor necrosis factor.
c. potassium.
d. calcium.
Ans: d. calcium.
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A patient who received epidural anesthesia for surgery develops hypotension during the procedure. The nurse anticipates which intervention to support this patient?
1. Increasing pain medication 2. Intubating the patient 3. Increasing the amount of anesthesia being administered 4. Providing normal saline intravenously with medications to stimulate venous return
Which information will the nurse manager include when discussing the major differ-entiation between delirium and dementia with novice nurses: Select all that apply
a. The delirious client learns to make up answers to hide their confusion b. Delirium requires increased monitoring at night c. The client diagnosed with dementia generally looks frightened d. Dementia results in a steady decline in cognitive abilities e. Delirium is characterized by fluctuations in alertness
A client on corticosteroid therapy is returning from surgery after a hip replacement. In the past two hours his blood pressure has decreased from 126/76 to 104/60, he is restless and complains of a headache. The nurse should:
a. medicate the client for pain as prescribed. b. notify the health care provider immediately. c. Increase his current intravenous fluid rate from 125 mL/hr to 150 mL/hr. d. Monitor his blood pressure and position him for comfort.
Nonverbal communication represents 80% to 90% of what is being communicated and includes all of the following EXCEPT
A. Facial expression B. Physical stance C. Language D. Intonation