What is a criterion and what is its purpose? Give examples of two types of criteria.
What will be an ideal response?
• A criterion is an evaluative standard that researchers use to measure outcomes such as performance, attitude, or motivation. Evidence of validity derived from test–criteria relationships provides evidence that the test relates to some behavior or event that is independent of the psychological test.
• An objective criterion is one that is observable and measurable, such as the number of accidents on the job, the number of days absent, or the number of disciplinary problems in a month.
• A subjective criterion is based on a person’s judgment. Supervisor and peer ratings are examples of subjective criteria.
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Perceptual misconstruction is responsible for misleading or distorted perceptions known as
a. illusions. b. hallucinations. c. physiological nystagmus. d. sensory habituations.
Darlene met Giani at a campus party and thought he was cute, but then became extremely uncomfortable talking to him because he stood only five inches away from her. Giani would be considered abnormal under which of the following criteria?
A. Personal suffering B. Norm violation C. Impaired functioning D. The practical approach
Sarah has just received her drivers' license and is now ready to drive to school. Although she's never driven to her school before, Sarah knows the way. The fact that Sarah can drive herself to school suggests that __________ has occurred
a) latent learning b) classical conditioning c) operant conditioning d) classical and operant conditioning
Which statement about the self is FALSE?
A) Identity is more limited in scope than self-concept. B) Self-concept is often described as a global entity. C) Identity includes one's long-term goals. D) Self-concept is an individual's conscious perception and assessment of himself or herself.