A male adult who is 58 years old, in good health, and African American has a blood pressure at 120/73 mm Hg at his yearly physical. Which is the best goal for the nurse to use to assist him in maintaining his health and wellness into old age?
a. Alter modifiable risk factors.
b. Prevent cardiovascular disease.
c. Recognize disease in early stage.
d. Maintain tight glycemic control.
B
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A Incorrect. Altering modifiable risk factors is a sub-goal to preventing cardi-ovascular disease.
B Correct. The nurse assists the adult in maintaining health and wellness by helping him prevent cardiovascular disease because, as an African American male adult, he has a high risk of stroke, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, he is more likely to die of a stroke or heart attack than other people in the United States. To help him prevent cardiovascular disease, the nurse assists him with lifestyle modifications. Specific recommendations the nurse can make include getting regular exercise, learning the warning signs of heart attack and stroke, maintaining a normal weight, controlling the blood pressure, eating a well-balanced, low-fat, no-added-salt diet and avoiding smoking.
C Incorrect. Learning the early warning signs of disease is a sub-goal of preventing cardiovascular disease.
D Incorrect. Although he has no clinical indicators of hyperglycemia, he is at risk to develop diabetes mellitus. This is an important sub-goal of preventing cardi-ovascular disease for an African American male.
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