Renal tubule cells in the kidney medulla are constantly exposed to high extracellular osmolarity. How do they maintain normal cell volume?

A) They synthesize water molecules through increased metabolism to offset volume loss.
B) They maintain a water-impermeable membrane.
C) They add or remove aquaporins as needed.
D) They synthesize organic solutes as needed to match the osmolarity.


D) They synthesize organic solutes as needed to match the osmolarity.

Anatomy & Physiology

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Indicate whether the statement is true or false.

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The reaction sucrose + water ? glucose + fructose is an example of a(n) ________

A) double replacement reaction B) synthesis reaction C) decomposition reaction D) neutralization reaction E) anabolic reaction

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Which of the following layers of the heart and their functions are correctly matched?

A. Epicardium-protective inner lining of the heart chambers and valves B. Myocardium-cardiac muscle tissue that pumps blood out of the heart chambers C. Pericardium-protective inner lining of the heart chambers and valves D. Endocardium-protective outer covering

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Vitamin D3 is important for proper ________ development

A) skin B) bone C) muscle D) vision E) neural

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