In a molecular-evolutionary analysis, you estimate the number of base substitutions per site (K) at 0.82. Given an estimated divergence time (T) of 10 million years based on the fossil record, what is the substitution rate (r)?
What will be an ideal response?
Using the relationship r = K/(2T) to compute r, the rate is: 0.82/2(1 × 107 ) = 0.82 × 10-8.
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Which of the following suggested a method of DNA replication to Watson and Crick?
A. The backbone of the DNA helix is antiparallel. B. Due to complementary basepairing, each strand could act as a template for the other. C. The DNA helix has a major and a minor groove. D. The two strands are held together by strong, covalent bonds. E. The DNA helix is stabilized by hydrophobic stacking.
Many species of ants "farm" aphids, protecting them from predation and collecting concentrated sugars (i.e. honeydew) from them. This type of ant/aphid relationship is known as
A. dispersive mutualism. B. parasitism. C. trophic mutualism. D. commensalism. E. defensive mutualism.
In the British Columbia forest industry, there has been a history of cutting large areas (clear cutting) for timber, then replanting these areas with lodgepole pine and hybrid white spruce. Based on your understanding of "climax communities", explain the potential impact of these practices on forest biodiversity in BC
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Using the word bank, name the labeled structures. Briefly describe their function (shoot system, root system, terminal bud, internode, node, stem, axillary bud, leaf, petiole). 
A. ________B. ________C. ________D. ________
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