In one study, participants said that a $90 wine tasted better than a $10 wine, although the participants had really tasted the same wine. The participants' functional MRI images showed that the pleasure areas of their brains were
a. more active when they were told they were tasting the "$10 wine."
b. more active when they were told they were tasting the "$90 wine."
c. equally active when both the "$90" and the "$10" wines were tasted.
d. not active when either bottle of wine was tasted.
ANSWER: b. more active when they were told they were tasting the "$90 wine."
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Identify a difference between social consensus and magnitude of consequences. Select one:
a. Social consensus is the chance that something will happen that results in harm to others, whereas magnitude of consequences is the psychological or physical distance of a decision-maker from those affected by his or her decisions. b. Social consensus is an ethical principle that holds that you should never take any action that harms the least fortunate, whereas magnitude of consequences is an ethical principle that holds that you should never take any action that does not result in greater good for society. c. Social consensus is the extent to which a decision maker is socially or culturally distant from those affected by his or her decisions, whereas magnitude of consequences is how much an actaffects the average person. d. Social consensus is agreement on whether behavior is bad or good, whereas magnitude of consequences is the total harm or benefit derived from an ethical decision.
_____ is a disposition marked by commitment, challenge, and control that is purportedly associated with strong stress resistance
a. Optimism c. Hardiness b. Pessimism d. Social personality
Mirror neurons were found in both the human and monkey brains that correspond to ____
a. Broca's area b. arcuate fasciculus c. angular gyrus d. Wernicke's area
Jeremy has been having an affair with another woman. One afternoon, his wife came home later than usual and Jeremy became angry--accusing his wife of infidelity. Which defense mechanism is Jeremy exhibiting?
a. denial b. projection c. rationalization d. reaction formation