An increase in peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) without an increase in plateau pressure (Pplateau) is associated with which of the following?
a. Increase in static compliance (CS)
b. Decrease in static compliance (CS)
c. Increase in airway resistance
d. Decrease in airway resistance
ANS: C
The PIP represents the amount of pressure needed to overcome both elastance and airway re-sistance. The Pplateau is the amount of pressure required to overcome elastance alone. Since the Pplateau has remained constant in this situation, the static compliance is unchanged. The difference between the PIP and the Pplateau is the transairway pressure (PTA) and represents the pressure re-quired to overcome the airway resistance. If PTA increases, the airway resistance is also increasing, when the gas flow rate remains the same.
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