In the working memory model, the short-term retention and processing of visual and spatial information is controlled by the:
a. visuospatial sketchpad
b. memory icon
c. phonological loop
d. central executive
A
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Which observation has been demonstrated in research concerning the impact of gender on responses to stress?
a. Men and women exhibit the fight-or-flight response to the same degree. b. Women become more nurturing and facilitative than do men. c. Women react more aggressively than men. d. Men are less likely than women to suffer negative health consequences.
Some data indicates that exercise can increase a protective substance that may enhance hippocampal activity and memory. This substance is known as
a. conanatrophic factor. b. brain-derived neurotrophic factor. c. exercise-derived memory factor. d. stress-derived neurotrophic factor.
In a typical "catch 22" situation, women who are independent, aggressive, and unemotional may be considered "unhealthy" even though women who are vain, emotional, dependent and irrational (all "feminine" traits in our culture) may be classified as having a histrionic or dependent personality disorder. This example of gender bias in judging normality
a. occurs because women are genetically predisposed to emotional dysfunction more so than are men. b. occurs because the standards set for males are higher than those for females. c. occurs because the standards for judging normality tend to be based on males. d. occurred in the 1950s but does not occur today.
Explain the various types of intermittent schedules of reinforcement and how rates of responding differ for the different schedules.
What will be an ideal response?