Describe calculi. Include what they are, where they can be found, at least two ways they can be diagnosed, and two ways they can be treated.

What will be an ideal response?


Calculus is a stone formed from the accumulation of mineral salts.
• Forms in either the kidney or bladder, but may also become lodged in the ureter or urethra
when a person tries to pass them.
• Diagnosed by any of the X-rays of the urinary organs, such as an IVP or retrograde pyelogram,
or by cystoscopy.
• Treated by surgery (nephrolithotomy) or by extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy.

Health & Biomechanics

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Determine whether the proportion is true or false. 35/60 = 28/48

A) True B) False

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Consumption of whole grains has been linked to

A. a reduced risk of heart disease. B. a reduced risk of certain forms of cancer. C. a reduced risk of diabetes. D. a reduced risk of heart disease and diabetes. E. all of these choices.

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Which of the following sun-safety behaviors for students will help them understand how often and where to apply sun protection?

A) Use sunscreen properly B) Understanding the ultraviolet index C) Wear protective clothing D) Wear sunglasses

Health & Biomechanics