A client has been bitten by a pet raccoon. What rabies prophylaxis is indicated?
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. None, since pets are unlikely to carry rabies
2. Observation of the animal for 60 days
3. One dose of rabies immune globulin
4. Five doses of rabies vaccine over a 28-day period
5. One dose of vaccine each week for 6 months
Correct Answer: 2,3,4
Rationale 1: Even pets can contract rabies.
Rationale 2: The incubation period for rabies is 60 days, so the animal must be observed for that length of time.
Rationale 3: Rabies immune globulin will offer immediate protection.
Rationale 4: Five doses of rabies vaccine are given over a 28-day period.
Rationale 5: This is not the dosing schedule for rabies vaccine.
Global Rationale: The rabies virus is carried in saliva and is passed to humans through animal bites from infected dogs, coyotes, wolves, foxes, raccoons, skunks, and bats. Following the bite of an infected animal, the incubation period for rabies infection is long, from 20 to 60 days. When possible, the biting animal is confined and examined for rabies infection. Patients receive one dose of rabies immune globulin, which offers immediate protection. Five doses of rabies vaccine are then administered over a 28-day period.
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