A patient's glomerular filtration rate is assessed to be 28%. The nurse realizes that this patient's renal status would be categorized as being
1. renal insufficiency.
2. end-state renal disease.
3. uremia.
4. azotemia.
1
Rational: Renal insufficiency is defined as a decline in renal function to approximately 25% of normal. The patient's glomerular filtration rate is 28% which would place the patient in the renal insufficiency category. End-state renal disease is a decline in renal function to approximately 10%. Uremia is an increase in urea and creatinine blood levels with the symptoms of fatigue, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, pruritis, and other neurological changes. Azotemia is an increase in serum urea levels that is often associated with an increase in creatinine levels.
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