Chase and Simon's research compared memory of chess masters and beginners for the position of game pieces on sample chess boards. They found that the chess master remembered positions better when the arrangement of the pieces was consistent with a real game but not when the pieces were randomly placed. The significance of this finding was that
a. experts show larger primacy and recency effects than beginners.
b. knowledge in an area of expertise increases a person's digit span.
c. expertise with some material reduces susceptibility to proactive interference with that material.
d. chunking requires knowledge of familiar patterns or concepts
Answer: d. chunking requires knowledge of familiar patterns or concepts
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Baby Michael has normal hearing, but both of his parents are deaf and use sign language to communicate. During Michael's first year of life, they enroll him in day care in order for Michael to hear normal speech
a. because the first year is a sensitive period for learning to develop peer relationships. b. because the first year is a sensitive period for language development. c. because there is no sensitive period for language development, but a child must be exposed to normal speech at all times. d. for none of these reasons.
The final phase of human clinical trials usually involves
A) placebo controls. B) double-blind procedures. C) yoked controls. D) all of the above E) both A and B
Which statement reflects the age at which body image or body size becomes a concern?
a. The first hint of body size concerns arises in early adolescence, typically as puberty starts. b. Children are keenly aware of body image initially between ages 8–10. c. Body size concerns are found in children as young as 5 years of age. d. Body size and other concerns of one’s body image do not begin until late adolescence.
Salma has taken as few drugs as possible during delivery so that she can be alert after her baby is born. She also wants the baby to sleep in her room (a rooming-in arrangement) so that they can be together after birth. From the information provided in the scenario, we can say that Salma is trying to
A. speed up the process of involution. B. improve the bonding experience. C. avoid postpartum depression. D. reduce her need for support from others.