People tend to judge as valid those conclusions for which they can construct a real-world model, and judge as invalid those for which they cannot. If your prior knowledge, attitudes,
or values distort your reasoning process by influencing you to accept invalid arguments, you have fallen victim to the ________ effect.
FIll in the blank with correct word.
Answer: belief-bias
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Research on the use of cell phones while driving indicates that
A. the negative effect can be decreased by using "hands-free" units. B. the problem with cell phones is that attention is distracted from the task of driving by the need to hold the phone and drive with one hand. C. the main effect of cell phone use on driving safety can be attributed to the fact that attention is used up by the cognitive task of talking on the phone. D. the public perception that using a cell phone while driving poses a significant risk to drivers' safety is, in fact, incorrect.
When you enter a darkened area after being in bright light, it takes your eyes some time to
adjust to the difference in illumination levels. This is because a. the photopigment bleached by the brighter light takes some time to regenerate. b. it takes time for your eyes to metabolize vitamin A and provide a new source of photopigment. c. your eyes need time to decrease the large amounts of photopigment in your retina that were created when you were in the bright light. d. your photoreceptors are fatigued and need time to rest so that they can recover from the excessive neural activity caused by being in bright light. e. the photopigment takes time to be rebleached in the dim lighting.
According to Baumrind, which is the LEAST effective parenting style?
a) love withdrawal b) permissive c) authoritative d) authoritarian
Kim's mother, Vicky, believes that men with long hair are likely to be fearful of romantic commitment. Kim's new boyfriend, Connor, has long hair. When Kim introduced him to her mom, Vicky immediately disliked him. Which of the following heuristics most likely influenced Vicky's judgment?
A. Availability B. Affective C. Representativeness D. Intuition