A psychologist discovers that the blood of patients with schizophrenia contains a certain chemical not found in the general population. This means that
a. this chemical causes a person to develop schizophrenia.
b. having schizophrenia causes this chemical to form in a person's blood.
c. both schizophrenia and the chemical are caused by some unknown third factor, such as the typical diet in mental hospitals.
d. the chemical and schizophrenia are related, but no causal relationship has been established.
ANSWER: d
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Zhao's research interest is to determine if poverty causes one to be more politically liberal. However, he cannot randomly assign people to conditions of poverty versus wealth because (aside from the practical difficulty) it would be unethical to do so. Zhao will have to ____
a. conduct a field experiment b. take a correlational approach c. do a meta-analysis d. develop a factorial design
If older adults practice making quick responses, reaction times a. can be eliminated
b. can be reduced. c. will remain the same. d. will actually be increased.
Kelly believed that each person was in a process of evaluating and reevaluating experiences and trying to use personal interpretations to understand and control the world, making everyone a:
a. philosopher b. phenomenologist c. scientist d. theorist
Endorphins are endogenous, which means they
a. decrease the functioning of the immune system. b. do not occur naturally in the brain and bloodstream. c. increase pain messages to the brain. d. occur naturally in the brain and the bloodstream.