As a young child, Roger had a unique personality. However, as a teenager, he appears to have little personality at all. Instead, he seems to have adopted the characteristics common to most of the other teens he knows. According to Fromm, Roger's mechanism of escape from freedom is
a) isolation.
b) automaton conformity.
c) destructiveness.
d) authoritarianism.
Ans: b) automaton conformity.
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As Boris is laying his infant in the crib at bedtime, he gently removes his hand from the back of the baby's head and neck, and the baby thrusts its arms outward, appearing to grasp onto something. Which reflex is the infant demonstrating?
A. Moro reflex B. Babinski reflex C. startle reflex D. swimming reflex
In an attempt to determine the effectiveness of a training program for children with Asperger's syndrome, Bock (2007) used which idiographic approach?
a. single-participant experiment b. multiple-baseline study c. case study d. correlational study
Strayer, Drews, and Johnston (2003) had participants in a study follow a pace car in front of them in a driving simulator. Half of the participants found themselves driving in heavy stop-and-go traffic in the simulator, while the other half were in the same situation in lighter traffic. Strayer and his colleagues measured how quickly each participant was able to apply the brakes when the car in
front of them stopped under two different conditions that formed the within-subjects variable: When they were involved in a cell phone conversation on an interesting topic and when they were not on the telephone. The design of this experiment was a. one variable within-subjects b. one variable between-subjects c. within-subjects factorial design d. mixed factorial design
The most basic foundation of operant conditioning is the notion that
A. our behaviors can be controlled by the consequences they produce. B. learning is limited in the extent to which it can change our actions. C. reflexive responses can be spread from one eliciting stimulus to another. D. we don't have to engage in a behavior to learn how to do it.